DOORS syndrome
עודכן לאחרונה 18 Aug 2020
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DOORS syndrome is a disorder involving multiple abnormalities that are present from birth (congenital). "DOORS" is an abbreviation for the major features of the disorder including deafness; short or absent nails (onychodystrophy); short fingers and toes (osteodystrophy); developmental delay and intellectual disability (previously called mental retardation); and seizures. Some people with DOORS syndrome do not have all of these features.
תיאור
DOORS syndrome is a disorder involving multiple abnormalities that are present from birth (congenital). "DOORS" is an abbreviation for the major features of the disorder including deafness; short or absent nails (onychodystrophy); short fingers and toes (osteodystrophy); developmental delay and intellectual disability (previously called mental retardation); and seizures. Some people with DOORS syndrome do not have all of these features.
Most people with DOORS syndrome have profound hearing loss caused by changes in the inner ears (sensorineural deafness). Developmental delay and intellectual disability are also often severe in this disorder.
The nail abnormalities affect both the hands and the feet in DOORS syndrome. Impaired growth of the bones at the tips of the fingers and toes (hypoplastic terminal phalanges) account for the short fingers and toes characteristic of this disorder. Some affected individuals also have an extra bone and joint in their thumbs, causing the thumbs to look more like the other fingers (triphalangeal thumbs).
The seizures that occur in people with DOORS syndrome usually start in infancy. The most common seizures in people with this condition are generalized tonic-clonic seizures (also known as grand mal seizures), which cause muscle rigidity, convulsions, and loss of consciousness. Affected individuals may also have other types of seizures, including partial seizures, which affect only one area of the brain and do not cause a loss of consciousness; absence seizures, which cause loss of consciousness for a short period that appears as a staring spell; or myoclonic seizures, which cause rapid, uncontrolled muscle jerks. In some affected individuals the seizures increase in frequency and become more severe and difficult to control, and a potentially life-threatening prolonged seizure (status epilepticus) can occur.
Other features that can occur in people with DOORS syndrome include an unusually small head size (microcephaly) and facial differences, most commonly a wide, bulbous nose. A narrow or high arched roof of the mouth (palate), broadening of the ridges in the upper and lower jaw that contain the sockets of the teeth (alveolar ridges), or shortening of the membrane between the floor of the mouth and the tongue (frenulum) have also been observed in some affected individuals. People with DOORS syndrome may also have dental abnormalities, structural abnormalities of the heart or urinary tract, and abnormally low levels of thyroid hormones (hypothyroidism). Most affected individuals also have higher-than-normal levels of a substance called 2-oxoglutaric acid in their urine; these levels can fluctuate between normal and elevated.
Inheritance patterns
The source lists the following possible inheritance patterns: Autosomal recessive. More than one pattern can apply in different cases.
Related genes
Other names
Autosomal recessive deafness-onychodystrophy syndrome
Deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, and mental retardation syndrome
Deafness-oncychodystrophy-osteodystrophy-intellectual disability syndrome
Deafness-onychoosteodystrophy-intellectual disability syndrome
Digitorenocerebral syndrome
DOOR syndrome
DRC syndrome
Eronen syndrome
Related patient information and medicines
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תסמונת דאון
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תסמונת טורט
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תסמונת טרנר
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בדיקת תסמונת דאון
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תסמונת אוסלר-וובר-רנדו
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תסמונת קרי דו שא
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קריאה נוספת והפניות
- DOORS syndrome; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Campeau PM, Hennekam RC; DOORS syndrome collaborative group. DOORS syndrome: phenotype, genotype and comparison with Coffin-Siris syndrome. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 2014 Sep;166C(3):327-32. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31412. Epub 2014 Aug 28.
- Campeau PM, Kasperaviciute D, Lu JT, Burrage LC, Kim C, Hori M, Powell BR, Stewart F, Felix TM, van den Ende J, Wisniewska M, Kayserili H, Rump P, Nampoothiri S, Aftimos S, Mey A, Nair LD, Begleiter ML, De Bie I, Meenakshi G, Murray ML, Repetto GM, Golabi M, Blair E, Male A, Giuliano F, Kariminejad A, Newman WG, Bhaskar SS, Dickerson JE, Kerr B, Banka S, Giltay JC, Wieczorek D, Tostevin A, Wiszniewska J, Cheung SW, Hennekam RC, Gibbs RA, Lee BH, Sisodiya SM. The genetic basis of DOORS syndrome: an exome-sequencing study. Lancet Neurol. 2014 Jan;13(1):44-58. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70265-5. Epub 2013 Nov 29.
- James AW, Miranda SG, Culver K, Hall BD, Golabi M. DOOR syndrome: clinical report, literature review and discussion of natural history. Am J Med Genet A. 2007 Dec 1;143A(23):2821-31. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32054.
- Surendran S, Michals-Matalon K, Krywawych S, Qazi QH, Tuchman R, Rady PL, Tyring SK, Matalon R. DOOR syndrome: deficiency of E1 component of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Am J Med Genet. 2002 Dec 15;113(4):371-4. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.b.10804.
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