מחלת ליים
עודכן לאחרונה 8 נובמבר 2023
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Lyme disease is an infectious disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria. The bacteria are transferred to humans by tick bite, specifically by blacklegged ticks (commonly known as deer ticks). The condition is named for the location in which it was first described, the town of Lyme, Connecticut.
תיאור
Lyme disease is an infectious disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria. The bacteria are transferred to humans by tick bite, specifically by blacklegged ticks (commonly known as deer ticks). The condition is named for the location in which it was first described, the town of Lyme, Connecticut.
If not treated with antibiotics, Lyme disease follows three stages: early localized, early disseminated, and late disseminated infection. A small percentage of individuals have symptoms that persist months or years after treatment, which is called post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome.
A characteristic feature of Lyme disease, and the key feature of early localized infection, is a slowly expanding red rash on the skin (called erythema migrans) at the site of the tick bite; the rash is often bull's-eye shaped. Flu-like symptoms and enlarged lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy) are also early signs of infection. Most people who are treated at this stage never develop further symptoms.
The early disseminated stage of Lyme disease occurs as the bacteria is carried throughout the body in the bloodstream. This stage occurs a few weeks after the tick bite. Signs and symptoms can include additional rashes on other parts of the body, flu-like symptoms, and lymphadenopathy. Some affected individuals develop neurologic problems (referred to as neuroborreliosis), such as paralyzed muscles in the face (facial palsy); pain, numbness, or weakness in the hands or feet; difficulty concentrating; or memory problems. Rarely, the heart is affected (Lyme carditis), causing a sensation of fluttering or pounding in the chest (palpitations) or an irregular heartbeat.
The late disseminated stage of Lyme disease can occur months to years after the tick bite. The most common feature of this stage, Lyme arthritis, is characterised by episodes of joint pain and swelling, usually affecting the knees. In rare cases, the late disseminated stage also involves neurological problems.
Individuals with post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome report ongoing exhaustion (fatigue), muscle and joint achiness, headache, or difficulty concentrating even after treatment with antibiotics, when there is no evidence of the bacteria in the body. Very rarely, individuals have joint pain and swelling for months or years after successful antibiotic treatment. This complication is called antibiotic-refractory Lyme arthritis.
Inheritance patterns
The source lists the following possible inheritance patterns: Not inherited; Pattern unknown. More than one pattern can apply in different cases.
Related genes
Other names
B. burgdorferi infection
Borrelia burgdorferi infection
Borreliosis, Lyme
Infection by Borrelia burgdorferi
Infection due to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato
בורליוזיס ליים
Related patient information and medicines
Patient information leaflet
מחלת ליים
Lyme disease מטופל? an infection caused by being bitten by an infected tick. The first and most common symptom is a rash that spreads out from the site of the tick bite. Left untreated, the germs (bacteria) can spread to other areas of the body. In some cases this can cause seriou... What is Lyme disease. Lyme disease is an illness caused by being.
Patient information leaflet
מחלת יד, רגל ופה
Hand, foot ו mouth disease is usually a short mild illness that mainly affects children. Most children fully recover within ten days, and usually less. Serious complications occur rarely. This disease is not ... What is hand, foot and mouth disease. Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is due to an infection that usually causes a typical illness,.
Patient information leaflet
מחלת שריטת חתול
Cat scratch disease is a bacterial infection caused by cat scratches or bites. It causes swollen lymph nodes and other symptoms such as a fever. It usually goes away without treatment, but antibiotics are often used to help clea... What is cat scratch disease. מחלת שריטת חתול הוא infection caused by a bacterium called Bartonella henselae..
Patient information leaflet
מחלת בכצ'ט
Behçet's disease (also known as Behçet's syndrome) is a rare condition which causes frequent ulcers in your mouth and genital area and can affect different parts of your body. It most commonly affects your eyes and skin. It is more common in people from Mediterranean countries and also those from the Middle East and Eastern Asia. Various.
Patient information leaflet
מחלת הלגיונרים
Legionnaires' disease is a serious lung infection (pneumonia) with chills, high temperature (fever) and muscle pains. You get the infection by breathing in droplets of water which contain legionella germs (bacteria) from contaminated water systems. Legionnaires' disease (also called legionellosis) is an uncommon infection caused by a germ.
Patient information leaflet
מחלת מנייר
מחלת מנייר typically causes attacks of dizziness with כ spinning sensation (vertigo), hearing loss and noises in the ear (tinnitus). The attacks can vary in severity and in how often they occur. You may develop permanent hearing loss and/or permanent tinnitus in some cases. What is Ménière's disease. מחלת מנייר is a condition of the.
קריאה נוספת והפניות
- מחלת ליים; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Bush LM, Vazquez-Pertejo MT. Tick borne illness-Lyme disease. Dis Mon. 2018 May;64(5):195-212. doi: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2018.01.007.
- Drouin EE, Seward RJ, Strle K, McHugh G, Katchar K, Londono D, Yao C, Costello CE, Steere AC. A novel human autoantigen, endothelial cell growth factor, is a target of T and B cell responses in patients with Lyme disease. Arthritis Rheum. 2013 Jan;65(1):186-96. doi: 10.1002/art.37732.
- Rahman S, Shering M, Ogden NH, Lindsay R, Badawi A. Toll-like receptor cascade and gene polymorphism in host-pathogen interaction in Lyme disease. J Inflamm Res. 2016 May 31;9:91-102. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S104790. eCollection 2016.
- Steere AC, Dwyer E, Winchester R. Association of chronic Lyme arthritis with HLA-DR4 and HLA-DR2 alleles. N Engl J Med. 1990 Jul 26;323(4):219-23. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199007263230402.
- Steere AC, Klitz W, Drouin EE, Falk BA, Kwok WW, Nepom GT, Baxter-Lowe LA. Antibiotic-refractory Lyme arthritis is associated with HLA-DR molecules that bind a Borrelia burgdorferi peptide. J Exp Med. 2006 Apr 17;203(4):961-71. doi: 10.1084/jem.20052471. Epub 2006 Apr 3.
- Steere AC, Strle F, Wormser GP, Hu LT, Branda JA, Hovius JW, Li X, Mead PS. Lyme borreliosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016 Dec 15;2:16090. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.90.
- Strle K, Shin JJ, Glickstein LJ, Steere AC. Association of a Toll-like receptor 1 polymorphism with heightened Th1 inflammatory responses and antibiotic-refractory Lyme arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2012 May;64(5):1497-507. doi: 10.1002/art.34383.
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